And claeence vose



(No Model.) 2' sheets-sheet 1.

H. H. ROGER-S & 0. vosE. APPAR ATUS POR'REFRIGERATING PARAPFINE OILS ANDOTHER LIQUIDS.

No. 316,400.. Patented Apr 21, 1885.

(No Model.)' 2 SheetsSheet 2.

H. ROGERS & 0. VOSE.

APPARATUS FOR REFRIGEEATING PARAFPINE OILS AND OTHER LIQUIDS. No.316,400. Patented Apr: 21, 1885.

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HENRY H. ROGERS, OF NEW YORK, AND CLARENCE VOSE, OF BROOKLYN, ASSIGNORSTO THE PRATT MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

- APPARATUS FOR REFRIGERATING PARAFFlNE-OILS AND OTHER LIQUIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 316,400, dated April21, 1885.

Application filed December 19, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, HENRY H. ROGERS, of the city of New York, and Stateof New York, and CLARENCE VosE, of the city of Brooklyn, in the countyof Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Apparatus for Refrigerating Paraffine-Oils and otherLiquids; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is aperspective representation of one ofour refrigerating-boxes, the doorbeing removed from the front end. In this figure two only of the boltsused to secure the door in place are shown, one such bolt being used foreach of the notches at the edge of the door. These refrigerating-boxesmay be used singly or in a series placed side by side or otherwise, asmay be most convenient. Fig. 2 represents the door of one of the boxesdetached, together with the means employed for supporting the door, sothat it may be readily removed or replaced. Fig. 3 is a side view of oneof the hollow partitions which divide the box into compartments, one ofthe side plates of the partition being partly removed, so as to exhibitthe interior of the partition.

Like letters of reference indicate the same parts in each of thefigures.

Our improved apparatus consists of a refrigerating box or chamber,preferably made of plate-iron, of nearly rectangular shape in 5horizontal cross-section, the rear end being slightly narrower than thefront end, as shown in Fig. 1, and the box being of trapezoidal shape invertical cross-section by reason of its having an inclined bottom, asshown. The dimensions of this box may be greatly varied to suit thepurpose for which it is to be used, or for any other reason, but aconvenient size and proportion of the several dimensions of the box isas followsffifteen feet in length, six feet and a half in width at thefront end, tapering slightly to six feet in width at the rear end, sixfeet and a half in height or depth in front, and two feet eight inchesin depth at the rear. The rear end of the box A is supported onframe-work B, so as to have the top 0 of the box level when in use. Thesides, end, and bottom of the box maybe constructed of single sheets ofplate-iron of suitable thickness, riveted together at the edges. Whenused for freezing paraffine or petroleum dis- 5 tillate, the top of thebox may be left uncovered, or may be covered, if desired, with looseboards. If the box is used for making ice, it should be tightly coveredon top, and the cover, sides, and bottom may be made of double sheets ofmetal lined with non-conducting ma terial.

As before stated, the box is preferably made of iron but, if desired, itmay be constructed in whole or in part of wood or other suitablematerial. 7

The door C at the front end of the box A,

at which the frozen material is discharged, is

the sides of the box, enter corresponding notches, G, in the edges ofthe door C, and a nut screwed onto the projecting end of each bolt isscrewed down against the face of the door, and thus holds it securely inplace. The

lower edge or bottom of the door rests on the bottom of the box, whichprojects slightly from the vertical plane of the front end of the sidepieces, F, to receive and support it, and may be secured by hinged boltsin like manner.

Any suitable packing, H, is interposed between the edges of the sidepieces and the inner face of the door, so as to make atight joint 0 whenthe door is closed and the nuts are screwed home. This packing may beinserted and held in place in a recess or stuffing-box,I, formed at thefront edge of the side pieces of the box, by means of a strip ofangle-iron, J, riveted to the outside of the side pieces, F, near theirfront edge.

Inside of the box thus formed are a series.

of vertical partitions, P P, placed preferably at uniform distancesapart and extending from the front to the rear end of the box. The rearend of each of these partitions P P abuts against the rear end piece, Q,of the box, and is removably connected therewith, and the front end ofeach partition P may be flush with the front end of the sides of thebox,so as to come in contact with the inner face of the door when it isclosed; but this is not necessary. The lower edge of each partition P issupported slightly above the bottom of the box, or openings may be madein the lower edge of each partition if it rests on the bottom of thebox, so as to form a communication between the compartments R of thebox, which are formed by these partitions. The purpose of this is toenable all the compartments R to be filled at the same time by means ofa single charging-pipe, or by pouring the article to be frozen orrefrigerated into one of the compartments, thus avoiding the necessityof filling each separately. If, however, itis preferred that thecompartments should not communicate, the lower edge of each partitionmay rest on the bottom of the box throughout its entire length.

The partitions P are hollow, being construoted of two sheets of metalriveted near the edges to a skeleton frame, S, of iron bars weldedtogether at. the four corners, the shape of the skeleton frame Scorresponding to that of a longitudinal vertical cross-section of theinterior of the box. The thickness of the bars of the skeleton frameS-say three-fourths of an inch, more or lessdetermines the width of thecavity of the partition. A hole is bored through the bottom bar, 8, ofthe skeleton frame S, near to the front end of each partition, intowhich is screwed a pipe, T, for the introduction of the refrigeratingliquid or fluid, and a similar hole is bored through the rear end bar,8, of the skeleton frame near to the top, into which is screwed a pipe,U, for the discharge of the refrigerating liquid or fluid.

In order to secure a more perfect circulation of the refrigeratingliquid or fluid through each partition strips of iron V, of the samewidth as the bars forming the skeleton frame, are placed in a horizontaldirection therein, as shown in Fig. 3. These strips V are not as long asthe interior or cavity of the partitions, and are so disposed therein asto compel the refrigerating liquid or fluid traversing the partition totake a circuitous course after entering the pipe T, at one end of thebottom of the partition, backward and forward, gradually rising until itreaches the exit-pipe U at the top of the partition, at the other end,as indicated by arrows in Fig. 3.

The strips V V, &c., may be secured in position by rivets passingthrough the plates forming the sides of the partitions and through thestrips V, and likewise serve to stifl'en and strengthen the partitions.

The pipes T, which serve for the introduction of the refrigeratingliquid or fluid,are all connected with a transverse horizontal main, W,which may be extended to supply a series of cooling-boxes placed side byside, the main W itself being supplied-by a pipe, X, from a reservoir orgenera-tor of liquid or fluid placed above the level of the top of thecooling-box, so as to secure the outflow at the'pipes U, and thus createthe requisite circulation. The exit-pipes U empty into a common wastepipe or trough, Y.

In order to facilitate the removal and replacement of the door, it issuspended on a couple of pendent rods, LL,whic h are attached.

to or connected with the flange at the top of the door, as shown in Fig.2, and which slide ona pair of parallel bars or ways, M M, placedat asuitable height. I 1

The operation of our apparatus, when used for freezing parafline, willnow be described, from which its application to the freezing of waterand other substances will be'readily understood. The heavy paraffinedistillate is run into the refrigerating-box A (the door beingfirstsecured in place) and occupies the spaces or compartments betweenthe partitions. Cold water at a temperature of about 52 Fahrenheit isthen introduced through the pipes T and circulates through the interiorof the partitions P, escaping at the upper or exit pipes,U,into thewaste pipe or trough Y. This operation is continued until the heavydistillate-consisting chiefly of paraffinc-is frozen into a solid massthroughout, which generally requires a period of about twenty-fourhours.

The operation might be performed, if desired, much more rapidly by usingwater or other refrigerating liquid at a lower temperature; but that isnot desirable, as the paraffine wouldj chill too rapidly andbecomeimperfectly crystallized. When the paraffine is sufficiently hardened,the door of the cooling-box is removed, being slid backward on the waysor bars M M, and the parafiine is readily removed from the compartmentsby means of bars inserted into it from the top, the workmen standing onplanks laid over the top of the box and resting on its sides and on thepartitions.

In case a greater degree of cold is required, water cooled to near thefreezing-point may be circulated through the partitions, or, for a stilllower temperature, brine previously refrigerated may be employed.

If our apparatus is to be used in the manufacture of ice, the sides,bottom, and door of the box should be double and have alining of somegood non-conductoras plaster-of-paris, cork-shavings, or the like-andrefrigerated brine, ammonia-gas, or other liquid or fluid such as isused for refrigerating may be circulated through the partitions.

The advantage of our improved apparatus arises from the facility withwhich the congealed mass can be removed from the compartments, which isdue to the smooth plane surface of the partitions to the sloping surfaceof the bottom of the box, which inclines toward 1 the box, one at thebottom and the other at the point of discharge, and to theslightlytapering shape of the compartments formed by the partitions.

If the apparatus is used for the manufacture of ice, the ice may bereadily discharged from the box in large cakes by passing steam or hotwater for a few moments through the partitions, so as to loosen it fromadherence to the surfaces of the compartments, after which, the doorbeing first removed, the-blocks of ice will slide out by their owngravity.

The strips inside of the partitions,instead of being placedhorizontally, as described, may, if preferred, be placed vertically orin an inclined position, and so arranged that the refrigerating liquidor fluid will circulate up and down instead of horizontally; or they maybe dispensed with altogether, in which case the refrigerating liquidwould enter at the bottom and pass out at the top without circulating.This arrangement, while it would retain some of the advantages of ourimprovement,is not so good as that which we have before described, asthe water or other refrigerating-liquid would be constantly warmer atthe upper than at the lower part, and the freezing effect would not beuniform indegree. So, also, the hollow partitions might be used in boxeswhich do not have a sloping bottom, or the partitions might be placedparallel to each other; but the greatest benefit of our improvementisobtained by constructing the boxes, as described, with sloping bottomwith hollow plane surfaced partitions furnished with stripsinside toform a tortuous passage for the refrigerating liquid or fluid, and withthe partitions converging slightly toward the rear end of the box, asbefore described.

Instead of the hollow partitions having each a separate exit and inflowpipe, the lower front end of all the partitions might be connecteddirectly with a single transverse inflow-pipe, and similarly the upperrear end of all of the partitions might be directly connected with asingle exit-pipe; or the inflow and exit pipe or pipes might be situatedat the same end of the top of the partitions; but these and otherobvious modifications which might be suggested are mere matters ofdetail of arrangement and of economy of construction not affecting theprinciple of our invention.

Having thus described our improvement, what we claim as our invention,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A refrigerating chamber or box slightly tapering in width from thefront to the rear end, furnished with a door at its front end, andhaving its bottom inclining downward from the rear to the front, and itsinterior divided into a series of compartments byplanesurfaced hollowpartitions communicating at bottom and top with a pipe or pipes for theintroduction and outflow of the refrigerating liquid or fluid into andout of the partitions, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. A refrigerating chamber or box furnished with a door at its frontend, having its bottom inclined downward toward the front end anddivided into compartments by vertical planesurfaced partitions extendinglongitudinally from front to rear, said partitions being hollow andfurnished with strips so placed as to form a tortuous internal passagecommunicating at bottom and top with a pipe or pipes for the passagethrough the partitions of a refrigerating liquid or fluid, substantiallyas and for the purpose described.

- 3. Arefrigerating chamber or box furnished with a door at one end,andeither covered on top or not, divided into compartments by verticalplane-surfaced hollow partitions extending' from end to end, arrangedfor a refrigerating liquid or fluid to pass or circulate through them,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set .our hands this 12th day ofDecember, A. D.

1884. HENRY. H. ROGERS. CLARENCE VOSE; Witnesses:

A. G. BEDFORD, N. P. HEFFLEY.

